Search for completely multiplicative sequences
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This is a simple Python script to search for all completely multiplicative sequences of successively greater length. At the top of the script, 'N' is the limit of the search, and 'limit' is the constraint on the sums. It prints out lists of primes where the sequence is [math]\displaystyle{ -1 }[/math].
N = 300 limit = 2 # fisrt use Eratosthenes to find the primes up to N # is_prime[n] = true iff n is prime is_prime = [None, False] + [True]*(N-1) p = 2 ok = True while ok: for i in range(2*p, N+1, p): is_prime[i] = False ok = (True in is_prime[p+1:]) if ok: p = p+1 + is_prime[p+1:].index(True) # make list of primes primes = [] for i in range(1, N+1): if is_prime[i]: primes.append(i) n_primes = len(primes) # make list a[1..N] where a[n] is a dict with primes as keys and a[n][p] = True # iff p|n an odd number of times a = [None] for n in range(1,N+1): fact = {} k = n for p in primes: v = False while k % p == 0: v = not v k /= p fact[p] = v a.append(fact) n_seqs = [1] xx = [[[False]*n_primes, 1]] # 0th item = specification of primes for which x[p]=-1, 1st item = partial sum c = 1 n = 2 while (n<=N) & (c>0): print "first sequence:", [primes[i] for i in range(n_primes) if xx[0][0][i]] new_xs = [] if is_prime[n]: # ... fork i = primes.index(n) for x in xx: seq = x[0] tot = x[1] new_seq = list(seq) new_seq[i] = True new_xs.append([new_seq, tot-1]) x[1] = tot+1 else: # ... factorise fact = a[n] for x in xx: seq = x[0] v = 1 for i in range(n_primes): if fact[primes[i]] & seq[i]: v = -v x[1] += v # remove sequences with bad sums xx = [x for x in xx+new_xs if abs(x[1])<=limit] c = len(xx) n_seqs.append(c) print "\nn =", n print "number of sequences =", c n += 1